Obsessive relational intrusion (ORI) is a term used in criminal psychology research used to describe the willful and continued intrusion into the personal life of a victim by an aspiring or former relational partner. ORI is related to stalking in that it is a milder form of relational harassment, often lacking the characteristic threatening and aggressive behavior normally associated with stalking. Cupach and Spitzberg (Cupach & Spitzberg 1998) have defined it as "repeated and unwanted pursuit and invasion of one's sense of physical or symbolic privacy by another person, either stranger or acquaintance, who desires and/or presumes an intimate relationship."